The menstrual cycle is more than just the days of bleeding. It’s a full monthly process that prepares the body for pregnancy.

The 4 Main Phases

1. Menstrual Phase (Day 1–7)
   • Period bleeding occurs.
   • The old lining of the uterus is shed.
2. Follicular Phase (Day 1–13)
   • The brain releases hormones to grow eggs in the ovaries.
   • The uterus lining starts building again.
3. Ovulation Phase (Day 14 in a 28-day cycle)
   • The egg is released from the ovary.
   • This is the most fertile time.
4. Luteal Phase (Day 15–28)
   • Hormones prepare the body for pregnancy.
   • If no fertilization happens, hormone levels drop, and menstruation begins again.

Cycle Length

• On average: 28 days, but it can be 21–35 days.

Why It Matters

• It helps people understand fertility.
• It explains why periods come regularly.
• It helps track health issues when cycles are irregular.